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PRESCRIBING AND THE INTERFACE BETWEEN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY CARE
Crowe S, Tully MP, Cantrill JA.
School of Pharmacy, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd., Manchester,
M13 9PL
s.crowe@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk
Introduction
The Department of Health set a target date of 2004 for the implementation
of medicine management schemes in all primary care organisations in England1.
Medicines management encompasses a number of aspects some of which include
prescribing support, widening access to medicines and improvements at
the primary/secondary care interface. Prescribing issues arising at this
interface have long been acknowledged and debated. This study aimed to
explore prescribing issues that arise at the interface from both a PCT
and practice level perspective. This paper focuses on the similar and
contrasting views between PCT and practice level participants.
Method
General practitioners (GP) working in three Primary Care Trusts (PCT)
in England were approached to participate in an ethically approved exploratory
study. Semi-structured interviews, using a piloted topic guide, were conducted
with 14 GPs across three PCTs. [PCT1 n=5, PCT 2 n=2, PCT 3 n=7]. The pharmaceutical
adviser/prescribing lead in each PCT was also interviewed. The audio-taped
interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using the "framework"
approach with the aid of N-VIVO version 2.0.
Results
A number of similar and contrasting views were raised by both PCT
and practice level interviewees about prescribing at the interface. At
a practice level, GPs had a number of concerns some of which related to
monitoring issues, protocols and the practicalities which such issues
raise for safe and effective prescribing. The cost of prescribing certain
expensive drugs transferred between primary and secondary care did not
appear to be a main concern for most GPs. At PCT level, the focus firmly
remained on expensive drugs obtaining the necessarily approval and cost-effective
prescribing. GPs varied extensively in their willingness to inform the
PCT of their intention to prescribe expensive drugs an action which, at
a PCT level, was felt unnecessary in some cases. GPs expressed little
knowledge of the existing guidance on prescribing responsibility in relation
to a number of specialist medicines, and appeared likely to contact PCT
level staff about such issues. Although PCT level interviewees were surprised
by GPs lack of awareness of such guidance, poor dissemination and communication
were suggested by one PCT as a reason for GPs' lack of knowledge. GPs
who were concerned about prescribing drugs when they had not been part
of the decision making process were likely to seek assistance from their
pharmaceutical adviser regarding such issues. GPs considered contacting
the consultant directly about such an issue to be part of the pharmaceutical
adviser's role, a view which pharmaceutical advisers themselves shared.
Conclusion
Although in these PCTs a lot of effort has been applied to tackling
problems arising at the interface, this study indicates that a gap still
exists between PCT and practice level staffs' views on the presented prescribing
issues. This study also suggests how closer workings between PCT and practice
level staff are needed to improve the future delivery of medicine management
services.
References
Department of Health, (2000) Pharmacy in the Future - Implementing the
NHS Plan. A programme for pharmacy in the National Health Service. Department
of Health, London
Presented at the HSRPP Conference 2006, Bath
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